What is the primary definition of anti-Semitism?

The primary definition of anti-Semitism is rooted in the specific hostility, prejudice, or discrimination against Jewish people. This term encompasses a range of negative attitudes, beliefs, and actions directed toward Jews, often manifesting in derogatory stereotypes, systemic inequalities, and acts of violence. Historically, anti-Semitism has taken various forms, including social ostracism, economic restrictions, and even state-sponsored persecution.

The other choices reflect broader or different concepts. Hostility towards all religious minorities is not accurate as anti-Semitism specifically targets Jews, rather than encompassing hostility to all religions. Discrimination based on nationality is related but not synonymous with anti-Semitism, which is more focused on ethnic and religious identity than just nationality. Lastly, fear of the unknown refers to a more generalized anxiety about unfamiliarity and does not capture the specific nature of anti-Semitic sentiments, which are directed explicitly against Jews.