What significant event is Kristallnacht associated with?

Kristallnacht, which translates to "Night of Broken Glass," refers to a violent pogrom against Jews that took place in Nazi Germany on November 9-10, 1938. This event is marked by widespread destruction of Jewish properties, including businesses and synagogues. During this night, approximately 7,500 Jewish-owned shops were vandalized or destroyed, and over 1,000 synagogues were set on fire. This coordinated attack highlighted the extent of anti-Semitic sentiment and marked a significant escalation in Nazi persecution, serving as a precursor to the more brutal measures that would follow, leading up to the Holocaust.

The other options do not relate to Kristallnacht. The major international peace conference, formation of a Jewish state, and establishment of Nazi propaganda were important historical topics but do not capture the essence of the violence and destruction specifically associated with Kristallnacht.